Five Million Voices

Should restrictions be placed on registering whole-farm conversions to exotic forestry in the Emissions Trading Scheme on productive farmland?

The bill amends the Climate Change Response Act 2002 to limit exotic forestry registrations in the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme on actively farmed productive land. It uses the Land Use Capability (LUC) classification system to set where and how much exotic forestry can be registered.

⚡ Taken under urgency

Parliament advanced this bill under urgency (committee of whole house, first reading, third reading) — moving it through faster than usual, with less time than normal for public submissions.

MPs’ arguments for and against the bill

Why support it
  • Supporters argued the bill protects the most productive farmland for food production by limiting exotic forestry ETS registrations on Land Use Capability classes 1 to 6, while still allowing forestry growth.
  • Supporters said it strikes a balance between agriculture and forestry by retaining a 25 percent planting allowance, a ballot for additional class 6 hectares, and transitional exemptions for those who invested in good faith before December 2024.
  • Supporters said the amendments responded to industry feedback from select committee, including improving the ballot system to give forestry investors greater certainty.
Why oppose it
  • Opponents argued the bill does not go far enough because it leaves class 7 and 8 land unrestricted, which they said includes land prone to abandonment and erosion, and proposed extending the 25 percent limit to those classes.
  • Opponents said the Government should have undertaken a full review of forestry's role in the ETS, noting the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment and Climate Change Commission had raised concerns about emissions targets.
  • Opponents criticised the process, saying the Government tabled a substantive Amendment Paper at the last minute without notifying the Opposition, leaving little time for scrutiny outside select committee.

These are claims MPs made in Parliament’s debate — not verified facts.

Full bill summary & link to official bill page

This bill amends the Climate Change Response Act 2002, which runs the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) — the system where forest owners earn carbon credits for trees that absorb carbon dioxide. It restricts registering newly converted farmland-to-exotic-forestry (for example pine planted purely to earn carbon credits) in the ETS. High-quality, versatile farmland (Land Use Capability classes 1–5) is barred from ETS registration for such conversions; medium-versatility land (class 6) is capped, with an annual limit allocated by ballot; and farmers may still convert a limited share (about 25%) of their eligible land. It affects farmers, forestry investors and rural communities.

It is a government bill responding to concern that ETS carbon prices were driving large-scale “farm-to-forest” conversions. The argument for is that it protects food-producing land, rural jobs and communities from being blanketed in permanent carbon pine while keeping some flexibility. The argument against is that it interferes with landowners' property rights and market signals, may raise the cost of meeting climate targets by removing cheap forest offsets, and adds uncertainty for forestry investment.

See the Parliament.nz ↗ site for the full bill.

Oppose (No) Support (Yes)

Climate Change Response (Emissions Trading Scheme—Forestry Conversion) Amendment Bill · Third Reading, 16 Sept 2025
Parliament voted 102–20 — it passed.